Adverse reaction to sperm implantation
The effects of sperm quality on embryo development after intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Conclusion: Overall, a negative relationship was observed between semen quality KEY WORDS: Embryo morphology, ICSI, implantation rates, male factor .
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Description:The present study demonstrates reduced fertilization and cleavage rates associated with poor semen parameters, suggesting a very early onset of paternal effects on embryo development. This is an interesting finding considering the classical knowledge that the human embryo, during these early stages of development, is controlled by maternally inherited m-RNA, as the embryonic genome is not activated until after the 4-cell stage Thus, if there is a paternal influence on embryo development, this should not be apparent until the 8-cell or morula stage. Nevertheless, our data seem to support the notion that paternal factors can influence embryo development at this early stage by instigating a weak transcriptional activity, necessary for nucleolar development, in the male pronucleus Additionally, epigenetic factors related to early paternal effects on embryo development have been reported. Furthermore, the sperm derived centrosome was shown to be the only functionally active centrosome in the early stages of embryogenesis.
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